Tennis Elbow & Golf Elbow

Understanding the Elbow

The elbow is a hinge joint that connects the upper arm (humerus) with the two forearm bones (radius and ulna). Muscles used for gripping and lifting attach to either side of the elbow. Repetitive strain can lead to tendon inflammation.

Common Causes of Elbow Pain

1. Tennis Elbow (Lateral Epicondylitis)

Pain on the outside of the elbow
Caused by repetitive wrist use (lifting, gripping, typing)

2. Golf Elbow (Medial Epicondylitis)

Pain on the inside of the elbow
Caused by overuse of the wrist and forearm

3. Inflammatory Arthritis

Conditions like Rheumatoid or Psoriatic Arthritis
Cause joint swelling, stiffness, and warmth

Tennis and Golf Elbow can usually be diagnosed based on symptoms and physical examination.

Diagnosis

Clinical examination is often sufficient- your doctor can diagnose these without testing
Imaging (ultrasound or MRI) may be used in unclear cases.
Blood tests if inflammatory arthritis is suspected.

Initial Management

Ice the area – 15 minutes, 3 times daily
Wear an elbow strap – 2 inches below the elbow during activity
Avoid activities that worsen symptoms – heavy lifting, gripping, scrubbing
Workplace adjustments – regular breaks-every 15 minutes, gentle typing

Medications

NSAIDs (Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) reduce pain and inflammation
Use topical or oral forms only under medical guidance

Exercise Program

Gentle stretches should be started early
Strengthening exercises added after pain improves
Continue for at least 3 months
Follow physiotherapy advice or clinic video guide

Advanced Treatment Options

Steroid injections – short-term relief
PRP (Platelet-Rich Plasma) injections – promote healing (costly)
Surgery – only in chronic, treatment-resistant cases

Summary

Most cases of Tennis and Golf Elbow improve with rest, ice, activity changes, support, and exercise. Early care and rehabilitation help avoid long-term problems.

Rheumatology