What Organs Can SLE Affect?
- Joints – inflammation like in RA, but usually no erosion
- Skin – rashes, ulcers, photosensitivity
- Kidneys – lupus nephritis (can cause protein loss or kidney failure)
- Blood – low WBC, anemia, increased clotting risk
- Heart and Lungs – pleuritis or pericarditis
- Brain – seizures, headaches, confusion (rare)
How Is SLE Diagnosed?
Diagnosis is based on symptoms, examination, and specific tests.
- ANA – usually positive
- ENA , Anti-dsDNA, Anti-Sm – more specific to lupus
- ESR/CRP/– inflammation markers and Complements C3/C4
- Full Blood Count – check for anemia, low WBC/platelets
- Urine test – check for kidney damage
🩺 A rheumatologist is the best doctor to diagnose and manage lupus.
Goals of Treatment
- Control the immune system
- Prevent organ damage
- Reduce flares and relieve symptoms
- Improve long-term quality of life
Treatment Options
- NSAIDs – for mild joint/muscle pain (short-term)
- Steroids – for flares or severe organ involvement (oral or IV)
- Antimalarials – Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is a cornerstone of treatment for most lupus patients
- Immunosuppressants – Used in moderate/severe disease or organ involvement (Azathioprine, Mycophenolate, Methotrexate, Cyclophosphamide)
- Biologics – for difficult or resistant disease (e.g., Belimumab, Rituximab in selected cases)
- Monitoring – regular blood and urine tests, and eye check-ups (if on hydroxychloroquine)
Multidisciplinary Care
Because SLE can affect many organs, patients may need to see different specialists:
- A general physician – especially if there is internal organ involvement
- A nephrologist – if kidneys are involved
- A dermatologist – for skin and hair symptoms
- Other specialists (e.g. cardiologist, neurologist) depending on symptoms
Most SLE cases are mild and manageable. But serious complications (e.g., kidney, heart, vasculitis, or clotting disorders) require close follow-up and more aggressive treatment.
Self-Care & Lifestyle Tips
- Avoid sun exposure – wear protective clothing, use sunscreen
- Engage in regular, gentle exercise
- Get adequate rest
- Don’t smoke – it worsens disease and complications
- Eat a balanced diet – low salt if kidneys are involved
- Learn to manage stress and get psychological support if needed
Final Message
SLE is a serious but manageable condition. Most patients lead full and active lives with early diagnosis, proper treatment, and regular follow-up.
Work closely with your rheumatologist and involve other specialists when necessary.
Stay informed, keep your appointments, and don’t hesitate to ask questions.
